ВНЖ и гражданство за инвестиции: гид по 6 странам (2026)
Инвестиции в недвижимость — самый частый путь к ВНЖ или второму паспорту. Правила различаются по странам.
Сравнительная таблица стран (2026)
| Страна | Программа | Мин. инвестиция | Срок | ЕС / Шенген | Результат |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇹🇷 Turkey | Citizenship by Investment | $400,000 | ~6-12 months | No | Citizenship + passport |
| 🇬🇷 Greece | Golden Visa | €250,000+ | ~2-4 months | EU member (Schengen) | 5-yr renewable residence |
| 🇲🇪 Montenegro | Residence by Property | €150,000 (tax value) | 1 year (renewable) | EU candidate, uses € | Residence → permanent in 5y |
| 🇪🇸 Spain | Digital Nomad Visa (DTV) | No investment — €34,188/yr (~€2,850/mo) | ~1-3 months | EU member (Schengen) | 1-yr visa / 3-yr residence → PR in 5y |
| 🇵🇹 Portugal | Golden Visa (no residential) | Fund €500k (property out since 2023) | A few months | EU member (Schengen) | Residence; D7 visa also |
| 🇹🇭 Thailand | 3M THB Long-Stay Visa (LSV) | THB 3,000,000 (~€78,000) | 3mo + 12mo renewable | No | Annually renewable long-stay residence |
| 🇦🇪 Dubai (UAE) | 10-Year Golden Visa | AED 2M (~€500,000) | 10 years (renewable) | No (Gulf) | 10-yr residence + 0% tax |
| 🇮🇹 Italy | Elective Residence (Residenza Elettiva) | Passive income ~€32,000/yr | ~3-6 months | EU member (Schengen) | Residence → PR in 5y → citizenship 10y |
| 🇧🇬 Bulgaria | Company (TRO) / Retirement | Company turnover ~€52,000/yr | ~2-4 months | EU member | Residence → PR in 5y |
| 🇷🇴 Romania | Company-based Residence | Romanian company + business plan | ~2-4 months | EU member | Residence → PR in 5y |
| 🇪🇪 Estonia | e-Residency / Company Residence | €65,000 equity (or startup) | ~2-3 months | EU member (Schengen) | Residence → PR |
| 🇱🇹 Lithuania | Startup Visa / Company | Startup (no capital) / company | ~2-4 months | EU member (Schengen) | Residence → PR |
Испания отменила «золотую визу» 3 апреля 2025 года; въезд теперь основан на регулярном доходе, а не на капитале. Порог дохода DTV — 200% минимальной зарплаты (2026: ~34 188 €/год ≈ 2 850 €/мес), обновляется ежегодно. Для семьи: +1 060 €/мес за первого иждивенца и +357 €/мес за каждого следующего.
По странам
Частые вопросы
Does buying property automatically grant citizenship or residency?
It depends on the country. Turkey grants direct citizenship with a $400,000 property. Greece and Montenegro give renewable residence via property. Spain abolished its Golden Visa in 2025 (no residency by property), and Portugal removed residential property in 2023. In Thailand a THB 3,000,000 condo purchase grants a renewable long-stay visa (LSV, since Oct 2025).
EU passport or fast citizenship?
If you want to live in/move freely within the EU, Greece (Golden Visa → path to citizenship in 7 years) or Portugal fit best. If you want a fast second passport, Turkey grants citizenship in ~6-12 months (not EU, but visa-free to 110+ countries).
Which country with the lowest budget?
Greece Golden Visa starts at €250,000 (commercial-to-residential conversion). Montenegro requires a €150,000 (tax value) minimum (Jan 2026). Thailand condos from THB 3,000,000 grant a renewable long-stay visa.
Where is rental yield best?
Turkey (Antalya/Bodrum) and Montenegro (Budva) offer strong high-season yield with Airbnb allowed. In Greece short-term (Airbnb) letting is banned on Golden Visa properties; plan for long-term rental.
Does Resida Global manage the process?
Yes. We manage title/registration, tax number, bank account, application and legal due diligence end to end, and guide you to the right country and property.
Какая страна вам подходит?
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